5 Common Diseases to Watch Out for as an Expat Living in Thailand
Thailand, often referred to as the ‘Land of Smiles’ has long been a popular destination for many expats seeking to travel, relax, or live and work. Thanks to the open culture and warm hospitality of the Thai people, Thailand has become a second home for many people.
However, in 2024, Thailand is facing significant environmental and health challenges that affect everyone living here, including the expat community. With the changes in climate and the emergence of new diseases, staying informed about health risks has never been more important.
To help ensure the well-being of everyone, Happio has compiled a list of the top 5 common diseases currently affecting Thailand, along with tips & tricks on prevention and suggestions for specialized hospitals where treatment can be sought.
1. Dengue Fever
In the first 7 months of 2024, dengue fever cases in Thailand reached record highs, with over 44,387 reported cases. The highest number of cases, 12,148, were recorded in the capital city of Bangkok. While the mortality rate from dengue remains relatively low, the potential for serious health complications makes it essential for everyone to stay vigilant.
Symptoms: High fever, severe headache, muscle and joint pain, rashes.
Prevention Tips: Avoid areas with high mosquito activity, use mosquito repellent regularly, and if a fever persists for more than 3 days, seek medical attention immediately.
Recommended Hospitals:
Hospital for Tropical Diseases – A specialized hospital with expertise in treating various tropical diseases, including dengue fever.
Ramathibodi Hospital – One of the leading hospitals in infectious disease treatment, specializing in the care of severe dengue cases.
2. Influenza
Influenza is a highly contagious illness, especially in community settings. During Thailand’s rainy season, the humid and fluctuating weather makes it easier for the virus to spread. Influenza can lead to serious complications, such as ear infections, sinusitis, bronchitis, or pneumonia, especially in young children and the elderly.
Symptoms: High fever, chills, body aches, nasal congestion, coughing, sore throat.
Prevention Tips: Wash hands frequently, avoid close contact with infected individuals, wear a mask and get vaccinated annually against the flu.
Recommended Hospitals:
Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute – A specialized facility in infectious disease care, with particular expertise in treating influenza, especially cases involving complications or co-infections.
Samitivej Children’s Hospital – For pediatric influenza patients, Samitivej Children’s Hospital is a highly regarded institution known for its dedicated care in treating children infected with influenza.
3. Leptospirosis & Melioidosis
With the recent severe flooding in many regions of Thailand, waterborne diseases like Leptospirosis (Rat fever) and Melioidosis have become more prevalent. The bacteria from both diseases can enter the body through exposure to the contaminated water and soil, especially through cuts or open wounds. Those living or working in flood-affected areas, particularly farmers, are at higher risk. Leptospirosis, in particular, is highly severe and can cause kidney failure or bleeding in the lungs if not treated immediately.
Leptospirosis Symptoms: High fever, headaches, muscle pain – especially in the calves, possible jaundice and kidney problems in severe cases.
Melioidosis Symptoms: High fever, abdominal pain, respiratory issues, skin abscesses.
Prevention Tips: Avoid contacting floodwater, wear protective gear like rubber boots, and seek medical help immediately if you experience symptoms.
Recommended Hospitals:
Hospital for Tropical Diseases – Known for its extensive expertise in treating tropical infections like Leptospirosis and Melioidosis, the Hospital for Tropical Diseases is highly regarded and makes it a top choice for those seeking treatment for such conditions.
4. Respiratory Infections from PM 2.5
Air pollution, particularly from fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) continues to be a major health concern in big cities like Bangkok and Chiang Mai. What makes PM 2.5 particularly dangerous is the difficulty in preventing and dealing with it, as PM 2.5 particles are so small that they can easily penetrate into the lungs and bloodstream, causing respiratory issues such as bronchitis, pneumonia, and chronic lung conditions.
Symptoms: Sore throat, persistent cough, difficulty breathing, fatigue.
Prevention Tips: Wear an N95 mask when outdoors, avoid going outside when pollution levels are high, use air purifiers at home (HEPA Filter is highly recommended).
Recommended Hospitals:
Praram 9 Hospital – A private hospital with expertise in respiratory and pulmonary diseases, especially conditions caused by air pollution, such as PM 2.5. Praram 9 Hospital is equipped with advanced medical technology for diagnosing and treating lung diseases.
5. COVID-19
Although the severity of COVID-19 has decreased significantly in 2024, it still remains one of the most easily transmissible diseases and continues to claim many lives, particularly in densely populated areas like Bangkok. While many restrictions have been lifted, it’s important for everyone to remain vigilant.
Symptoms: High fever, coughing, shortness of breath, loss of taste or smell, muscle aches.
Prevention Tips: Ensure full vaccination, avoid crowded places, wash hands frequently, and wear a mask.
Recommended Hospitals:
Thammasat University Hospital – A university hospital that has established a dedicated center to address the COVID-19 outbreak. It has been treating COVID-19 patients since the early stages of the pandemic and is highly skilled in caring for patients who require isolation or specialized treatment.
King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital – A university hospital that serves as a major center for COVID-19 research and patient care, particularly for severe cases with complications. The hospital is equipped with state-of-the-art medical technology and has a team of experts prepared to handle the evolving pandemic.
As healthcare challenges like dengue fever, respiratory infections from PM 2.5, and waterborne diseases continue to spread, Happio is committed to helping expats and residents in Thailand stay informed about health risks and preventative measures in this rapidly changing environment. Our partnerships with leading hospitals provide valuable insights into the most effective treatments and healthcare services, ensuring that you will receive reliable and timely information. Let’s work together to safeguard your well-being and make Thailand a safer place for everyone!
Stay tuned for more updates from Happio as we continue to support your journey in Thailand!
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